<p>Cameron Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Cameron, Marshall County, West Virginia. It encompasses 27 contributing buildings in the commercial core developed after a severe fire in 1895 which destroyed much of the downtown area. They are large 2-4 story brick buildings reflecting the Classical Revival and Colonial Revival styles. Notable buildings include the Masonic Lodge 17 , Romine Building/Moose Lodge 758 , First Presbyterian Church , First United Methodist Church , Hotel Main , Finlayson&#39;s 5 & 10/ Senior Citizens Building , Flatiron Building , First Christian Church of Cameron , and Old B&O Freight Station .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Moundsville Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Moundsville, Marshall County, West Virginia. It encompasses 72 contributing buildings in the central business district of Moundsville. They are large 2-4 story brick buildings reflecting the Georgian and Late Victorian styles. Notable buildings include the Marshall House , Roberts House , F.O.E. Building , State Food Store , Simpson United Methodist Church , First Christian Church , St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church , Strand Theater , Marshall County Courthouse , and Post Office and Federal Building . Located within the district is the separately listed Ferrell-Holt House.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Buffalo Town Square Historic District is a national historic district located at Buffalo, Putnam County, West Virginia. It encompasses three contributing buildings all in the Greek Revival on the town square: the Buffalo Academy , Buffalo Presbyterian Church , and Buffalo Methodist Church . The area was listed as a district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<h2>Buffalo Academy</h2><br>
<p>Buffalo Academy was a school until the American Civil War when it was used successively by the armies involved. It later was restored and utilized as part of the school district as a public high school and then as an elementary school until the 1950s. It has been restored by the Buffalo Historical Society and a historical marker commemorates the buildings history. Alumni of the academy included Coin Harvey and General John McCausland. George Rosetter was the schools first principal.</p><br>
<p>Asbury House is a historic home located at Hurricane, Putnam County, West Virginia. It was built about 1876, and is a two-story brick dwelling in the Greek Revival / I house style. It features a reconstructed small front portico with metal hip roof and columns. In 1969, it was purchased as a parsonage by the Forrest Burdette United Methodist Church. It was moved to a new location in 1994.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>James W. Hoge House is a historic home located in Winfield, Putnam County, West Virginia. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Its first owner, James W. Hoge, was a lawyer and judge, who represented Putnam County at the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861, voting against the ordinance in April but signing the ordinance later in June. He lived in the house from 1857 until his death in 1882. Charles Brown, who operated a ferry across the Kanawha River using enslaved labor built this house in 1838, and his son Tallyrand inherited it circa 1848 and rented it out until ultimately selling it in 1852, to Capt. John Bowyer (1794–1878), a veteran of the War of 1812 who became Justice of the Peace for Putnam County in 1848, and also served in the West Virginia House of Delegates.</p><br>
<p>In 2004 it was moved a short distance to its current location in what had been the Hoge family graveyard, to save it from demolition.</p><br>
<p>The single-story, Federal-style side-gable brick dwelling measures 18 feet by 47 feet, and features stepped parapets at the gable ends and a decorative brick cornice. Also on the property is the Hoge Cemetery, containing approximately 24 graves of Hoge family members, as well as unmarked graves of slaves. Also including in the cemetery is the grave of Philip J. Thurmond (1826–1864), a noted Confederate partisan ranger who was killed during an action at Winfield.</p><br>
<p>Wildwood, also known as the General Alfred Beckley Home, is a historic home located at Beckley, Raleigh County, West Virginia. The house is open as the Wildwood House Museum and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>General Alfred Beckley (1802–88) wanted his home to be the center of what he envisioned for Beckley, West Virginia which he founded in 1838. Although his town was a piece of paper in 1838, it would later become the county seat of Raleigh County, West Virginia, which was also founded by Beckley in 1850. His house was built in 1835–36, initially as an unpretentious double log cabin. "I took possession of a double log cabin built for me in the fall of 1835 by Mr. John Lilly Sr. of Bluestone."</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The current appearance of Wildwood began in 1874 with remodeling by Alfred Beckley. This included the addition of a kitchen and dining room to the back of the house. The log cabins exterior was also covered in white clapboard. This was replaced in the 1970s with aluminum siding. Most of the original pine floor exists, and wood beams have been exposed within parts of the house to demonstrate its log cabin origins. There have been plans to restore the structure to its original 1874 appearance.</p><br>
<p>Wynnestay or Wynnstay is an historic, American residence that is one of the oldest extant houses located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2008 and is available for touring by appointment only.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This two-and-a-half-story house was built in 1689 as the residence of Dr. Thomas Wynne, the personal physician of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania. Wynne was also the first Speaker of the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly.</p><br>
<p>The land surrounding Wynnestay was developed starting around 1895 with the encouragement of Pennsylvania Railroad President George B. Roberts, and the building of the nearby Wynnefield Station. The house was extensively renovated in 1904, with the addition of a large ell that was designed by Walter Smedley.</p><br>
<p>The home was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2008, and is available for touring by appointment only.</p><br>
<p>Beckley Feed and Hardware Company was a historic commercial building located in Beckley, Raleigh County, West Virginia. The original section was built in 1935 and expanded in 1951. The original section was a two-story building constructed of glazed ceramic block. The 1951 wing was one story in height with a brick facade and a wall of windows.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>It was demolished in 2013 and replaced with a McDonald&#39;s restaurant the following year.</p><br>
<p>Phillips-Sprague Mine, also known as the Beckley Exhibition Coal Mine, is a historic coal mine located at New River Park in Beckley, Raleigh County, West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>The mine opened about 1889 on what had been operated as a drift mine. Commercial development of the drift mine began in 1905 and the first coal was shipped on January 4, 1906. Mine operations ceased in 1953, and the property sold to the City of Beckley.</p><br>
<p>The Beckley Exhibition Coal Mine opened in 1962, as the first historic site wholly dedicated to educating the public about coal mining. It consists of 1,500 feet of restored passageways and entries with 3,000 feet of vintage track. It reopened to the public on April 1, 2008. It is a preserved coal mine that offers daily tours and a history lesson on coal mining in Appalachia.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>The Poague House is a -story, three-bay, hall-parlor, dry-stone house built in the first half of the 19th century by future Kentucky Governor, Thomas Metcalfe for William Poague. The ashlar stone construction is of upper Ordovician fossiliferous limestone. Window frames are pegged with ovolo trim, nosed sills, and 9-11 voussoirs with key the same height. There is a dentilled cornice.</p><br>
<p>Trim throughout the house is Federal except the hall in which a Greek Revival mantel was added. The doors are six panel with beaded diagonal battens on the inside. There is an enclosed corner stair with an atypical plaster lining.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>It is located in Mason County, Kentucky, on the southeast side of Parker Lane, above Lees Creek, about 1.5 mi</p><br>
<p>past Mays Lick.</p><br>
<p>The Benjamin Shotwell House, also known as the Shotwell–Runyon House, is a historic house located at 26 Runyon&#39;s Lane in the township of Edison in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey  in 1938, noted as being near Metuchen. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 4, 1987, for its significance in architecture and exploration/settlement. The farm on which is located in part of Route 287. The Shotwells were early settlers of "The Plains", an early reference to Plainfield, New Jersey.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Benjamin Shotwell bought 27.5 acre from Jonathan Dunham and Joseph FitzRandolph in 1775. At the time, this area was part of the township of Piscataway. The property was inherited by his daughter, Nancy Shotwell, who had married Lewis Thornall. They sold it in 1801 to John Runyon, a farmer and carpenter. It was owned until 1946 by his descendants: Ephraim Runyon, Isaac S. Runyon, Herbert Runyon, and Gilbert Runyon.</p><br>
<p>Spanning 63 ft the Goddard Bridge crosses the Sand Lick Creek just off Kentucky 32, about 8 miles south of Flemingsburg on Covered Bridge Road in Goddard, Kentucky. The Pea Ridge Mountains and an old country church provide a scenic backdrop.</p><br>
<p>The actual date of construction is unknown, but it is built on the 1820 lattice design of Ithiel Town. The bridge was built by Joseph Goddard. Originally located about one mile south of Goddard, the bridge was moved to its present location in 1933 when Highway 32 was rebuilt. Steel braces sunk into the creek bank near the abutments provide additional support for the span. The bridge is in regular use and is open to traffic with a gross weight under 4 tons. The bridge was restored in 1968 with the replacement of some lateral bracing, siding, roofing and the wooden pins or trunnels used as fasteners instead of nails.</p><br>
<p>A number of reasons have been offered to explain the construction of covered bridges in Kentucky during the 19th century. Roads across the bridges were kept dry and free of snow in winter. The protection the cover provided against wood deterioration was likely most important. The cover allowed timbered trusses and braces to season properly and kept water out of the joints, prolonging the life by seven to eight times that of an uncovered bridge.</p><br>
<p>The Benton County Courthouse is a courthouse in Bentonville, Arkansas, United States, the county seat of Benton County, built in 1928. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The courthouse was built in the Classic Revival style by Albert O. Clark and anchors the east side of the Bentonville Town Square.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Architect Albert O. Clark came from St. Louis, Missouri to Rogers, Arkansas in 1904. He utilized the Classic Revival style when designing the Applegate Drugstore and Bank of Rogers Building elsewhere in the county. Clark was hired to build many buildings in Bentonville, including the Benton County Jail and the county courthouse. His building replaced an Italianate style structure that had served the county administration needs since 1874. The very first courthouse at Benton was a log building erected in 1837.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Built in the Classic Revival (Neoclassical) style, the Benton County Courthouse features a totally symmetrical façade with a centrally located entrance. The building also exhibits keystones, a main characteristic of Classic Revival architecture. The third floor originally included a balcony; however this was later enclosed to allow for climate control. Today the enclosed third floor windows have round-topped arches, a modification that was in keeping with the Romanesque Revival building style.</p><br>
<p>The Hillsboro Covered Bridge, known locally as the "Hillsboro-Grange City Covered Bridge", spans Fox Creek in Fleming County adjacent to Kentucky Route 111, 13.6 mi southeast of Flemingsburg, Kentucky. Probably built in the late 1860s, it was discontinued in 1968 when it was replaced 50 yard upstream by a concrete bridge.</p><br>
<p>The bridges timbers are of yellow pine with double shouldered braces. A single 94-foot (29 m) span, it was probably built by the same contractor who constructed Ringos Mill Covered Bridge several miles up Fox Creek. Abutments are of red stone and corrugated sheet metal covers the roof and sides. The bridge was originally double-sided with yellow poplar. The bridge is a good example of Theodore Burrs 1814 patented truss design that employs multiple kingposts. Patent bridges were the "bread and butter" of early engineers who typically received one dollar per linear foot of bridge construction for use of the patented design.</p><br>
<p>The Ringos Mill Covered Bridge spans Fox Creek in Fleming County, Kentucky, in a single 90-foot span. It was named for a grist mill situated 50 yards downstream.</p><br>
<p>The bridges timbers are of yellow pine. It was probably built by the same contractor who constructed Hillsboro Covered Bridge several miles down Fox Creek. Abutments are of red stone covered with a concrete facing and the walls are double-sided with yellow poplar. Ventilation and light are provided by clerestory openings in the siding. The bridge is a good example of Theodore Burrs 1814 patented truss design that employs multiple kingposts. Patent bridges were the "bread and butter" of early engineers, who typically received one dollar per linear foot of bridge construction for the use of the patented design.</p><br>
<p>The Wade Park District is an historic district on the National Register of Historic Places, located in the University Circle neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio. The district, which covers roughly 650 acres, is bounded by Chester Avenue and Euclid Avenue  on the south, East Boulevard to the east and E. 105th Street to the west. The district, which includes seven separate buildings, features several of the city&#39;s cultural institutions, as well as the park of the same name.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Jeptha Wade arrived in Cleveland in the 1850s, already having amassed part of his fortune in the telegraph industry, and proceeded to become one of the citys wealthiest residents by expanding his holdings into the industries of steel and banking. Like Marcus Hanna, John D Rockefeller and John Severance, his contemporaries along Euclid Avenues Millionaires Row, Wade used his industrial wealth to endow cultural and educational institutions. In 1882, he donated 63 acre of land east of the city for the purpose of creating a park, which was named in his honor. Today, the bequeathed Wade property serves as the campus for some of Clevelands best-known tourist attractions.</p><br>
<h2>Wade Park</h2><br>
<p>While not part of the NRHP listing, Wade Park was constructed from land donated by Jeptha Wade, who expressly intended part of it as the location for an art museum. Today, the most prominent features of Wade Park are the Cleveland Museum of Art and the adjacent Wade Park Lagoon, both of which sit at the park&#39;s main entrance at southern tip of the historic district.</p><br>
<h2>Attractions</h2><br>
<p>Cleveland Museum of Art</p><br>
<p>Cleveland Botanical Gardens</p><br>
<p>Cleveland Institute of Art</p><br>
<p>Cleveland Institute of Music</p><br>
<p>Severance Hall</p><br>
<p>Cleveland Museum of Natural History</p><br>
<p>Western Reserve Historical Society</p><br>
<p>Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum</p><br>
<p>Epworth Euclid Church</p><br>
<p>The Piety Hill Historic District is a historic district located in downtown Lapeer in Lapeer County, Michigan, USA. It was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site and also added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 26, 1985.</p><br>
<p>The 15.5 acre (6.3 ha) district is very irregularly shaped and includes 29 assorted properties along the streets of Calhoun, Monroe, Madison, Washington, Main (M-24), Park, Liberty, Church, and Nepessing in the city of Lapeer. The district includes several Greek Revival houses dating from around 1830–1850. Other houses in the style of Queen Anne and Second Empire are scattered throughout the district. The most recent structures included as contributing properties within the district are a Georgian-style library (1923) and post office (1932). Piety Hill Historic District is the center of Lapeer&#39;s early religious gatherings and is the oldest platted section of Lapeer. Today, the district includes five different church structures dating from 1881–1911, although the majority of the properties in the district are single-family dwellings.</p><br>
<p>Probably the most significant structure in the district is the Eagle Tavern, located at 237 N. Main Street. In 1831, J.R. White arrived in Lapeer after buying an interest in a lumber mill; the next year he was joined by his brother Phineas. The brothers bought the mill outright, and were soon joined by the rest of their family. In 1836, one brother, Enoch Jay White, decided to enter the tavern business, and constructed this Greek Revival inn along the stagecoach line. The Eagle Tavern is a two-story wooden building sheathed in clapboard. It has a central door with a small portico, and symmetrically placed single and paired two-over-two windows. The building was used as a tavern until 1850, when it was converted into a two-family residence. Around 1900 the building was rented to the Catholic Extension Society, and in 1907 became vacant. In 1919, E.T. White rehabilitated the house.</p><br>
<p>Also included in the district are five churches. The most significant are the 1881/81 Grace Episcopal Church and the 1896-1901 Church of the Immaculate Conception. The Grace Episcopal Church congregation was organized in 1878, and work on the current church began in 1881. The church is red brick, built in a vernacular Gothic Revival style. It has a crenelated tower, and fourteen stained glass, Gothic-arched windows. The Church of the Immaculate Conception is a Catholic church, serving a congregation that was first organized in 1844. Their first dedicated church building was constructed in 1860, and in 1866 the congregation was reorganized as the Church of the Immaculate Conception. The current church building was begun in 1896, and completed in 1901. It is a fieldstone structure, vernacularly designed in an Early Gothic Revival style. The main entryway is created by three decorated, Gothic-arched portals with two squared towers at the corners.</p><br>
<p>Two municipal buildings are in the district: the Engine House and City Hall of Lapeer and the Lapeer Public Library. The Engine House and City Hall is a large, rectangular, two-story, Italianate-style brick structure built in 1882/83 with an elaborate cornice and second-floor windows which stretch upwards from a stone belt-course. The public library was established in 1880, and was first located in the courthouse. IN 1921, a Library Board was formed, and in 1923 a new library was constructed, based on a design from the Detroit architectural firm of Smith, Hinchman and Grylls. It is a symmetrical brick building with Georgian Revival influences, having a raised basement and a single story on top.</p><br>
<p>Sophia Historic District is a national historic district located at Sophia, Raleigh County, West Virginia. It encompasses 22 contributing buildings located in the central business district of Sophia. The consist primarily of one and two story masonry buildings with storefronts on the first floor and housing in the upper stories. Notable buildings include the Filling Station , Reck&#39;s Place/The Chestnut Tree Café and Art Gallery , Attili Building , Visionz Lounge , LB & J Antiques , Ben Franklin / Federated Department Store , and Sophia Theater .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Bank of Cairo, now known as Cairo Town Hall, is a historic bank building located at Cairo, Ritchie County, West Virginia. It was built in 1897, and is a -story brick structure with Romanesque and neoclassical details. It features a unique corner entrance. It housed a bank founded by Jacob Cattaui, the son of a wealthy Egyptian banker and cotton plantation owner in 1897. The bank was housed in the same building since its inception in 1897 to 1931 and from 1941 to 1974. It now houses the Cairo Town Hall and serves as a stop on the North Bend Rail Trail.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>The Brinkerhoff–Becker House, also known as the Becker–Stachlewitz House, was built as a private home, and is located at 601 West Forest Avenue Ypsilanti, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1977 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Brinkerhoff–Becker House was built in 1863–69, likely for Hezekiah H. Brinkerhoff, an insurance and real estate agent. The Brinkerhoffs lived in the house until Hezekiah&#39;s death in 1885; his widow and Sarah E. Brinkerhoff, continued to own the property until 1890. It was eventually purchased by J. M. B. Sill, one of the early Principals of the Michigan State Normal School (now Eastern Michigan University). Charles J. Becker purchased the house in 1891 and remodeled it to include the prominent tower. The Becker family lived there until approximately 1918. It was later remodeled into apartments.</p><br>
<p>The house is currently owned by Eastern Michigan University and is split into four apartments.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Brinkerhoff–Becker House is a -story square-frame Queen Anne structure covered with clapboard on a fieldstone foundation. It has a hip roof with prominent shingled gables on the front, side and rear that all display sunburst-pattern gable ornaments and paneled vergeboards. Porches cover entrances on two sides, and display turned posts and decorative spindlework bands across the tops. The house&#39;s most recognizable architectural feature is the round tower at the corner. The tower has a brick lower story, an upper story clad in cove-butt shingling, and a "helmet dome" roof clad in octagon-butt, wood shingling.</p><br>
<p>The William Perrin Nicolson House is a historic house built in 1891, located on Piedmont Ave. in Midtown Atlanta, northeast of downtown. The building was designated in 1989 as a historic building by the City of Atlanta, as William Perrin Nicolson House. The building was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the William P. Nicolson House.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1891 by surgeon William Perrin Nicolson as a wedding present for his bride, Carolyn Crane. The building was designed by regionally renowned master architect Walter T. Downing in the Eclectic Colonial Revival style. Downing designed many public buildings and churches, such as Sacred Heart Church (1877–98) but his most unusual and impressive works were his residential designs where his eclectic and individualistic style shines through.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, and is a City of Atlanta Landmark Building and Site (1989). One reason for its listing is that it is now a relatively rare surviving example of W.T. Downing&#39;s residential work, being one of only five of his houses in Atlanta still extant, and it is the only one reflecting the distinctive style that he developed in his designs commissioned in the 1890s.</p><br>
<p>The listing included two contributing buildings.</p><br>
<p>The property is documented by several interior and exterior photos in Downing&#39;s book titled Domestic Architecture.</p><br>
<p>William Perrin Nicolson died at the house on April 4, 1928, and the house remained in the Nicolson family until in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Inn</h2><br>
<p>The Nicolson House received the "Atlanta Urban Design Commission Award of Excellence for Historic Preservation and Adaptive Re-Use" from Atlanta Mayor Andrew Young in 1987. It is one of the featured properties in the 1991 book Classic Atlanta: Landmarks of the Atlanta Spirit. The property was operated as the Shellmont Inn Bed and Breakfast until 2016.</p><br>
<h2>In modern culture</h2><br>
<p>It was featured in the 2015 movie in Chevy Chases "Vacation" series, Vacation, as Clark and Ellen Griswolds personal bed and breakfast business.</p><br>
<p>The Pioneer State Bank No. 36 is a bank building located at 4046 Huron Street  in the village of North Branch in North Branch Township in northern Lapeer County, Michigan. The bank stands as the oldest bank institution in North Branch. It was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site on October 23, 1979 and later added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 22, 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Pioneer State Bank was founded in 1885. In 1889, by Frederick C. Ballard, a prominent local investor and financier, helped reorganize the bank. In 1902, Ballard&#39;s son Charles commissioned architects Dillon Clark and Alverton Munger of Bay City to design this building. In 1903 he purchased the present site for the new building, and construction was completed in 1906. The structure continues to operate as an independent bank.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Pioneer State Bank building is a simple, rectangular, two-story brick building in the style of Renaissance Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>Harrisville Grade School, also known as Harrisville High School and Harrisville Public School, is a historic school building located at Harrisville, Ritchie County, West Virginia. It is a two-story brick structure on a cut stone foundation with a blend of Italianate and Greek Revival details. It was built in 1878, and expanded in 1904. It remained in operation until 1965, then occupied by board of education offices. In the 1990s, plans were made for it to become a museum. It is open by the Ritchie County Historical Museum as the General Thomas M. Harris School Museum.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. It is located in the Harrisville Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Old Stone House, also known as the Webster-Martin-Ireland House, is a historic inn and boarding house, located at Pennsboro, Ritchie County, West Virginia. The main section was built about 1810, and is a -story stone structure, five bays wide and two bays deep, with a gable roof. Attached to it is a two-story frame addition with a hipped roof. It features a one-story porch across the front facade. It is open by the Ritchie County Historical Society as a historic house and local history museum.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>Pennsboro station is a historic railway depot located at Pennsboro, Ritchie County, West Virginia. It is a one-story brick building built on two sections. It was constructed by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, with the first section built in 1883, and the second added around 1900. It consists of three rooms and is approximately 1,315 ft&sup2; in size. It was restored by the Ritchie County Historical Museum and open as a railroad museum and community center.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007 as the Pennsboro B&O Depot.</p><br>
<p>The Kuerner Farm, also known as Ring Farm, is an historic farm which is located in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, United States. It is notable for its association with artist Andrew Wyeth, who created about one-third of his work, more than 1,000 paintings and drawings, on subjects he found there during a span of seventy-seven years.</p><br>
<p>The farm was listed in the National Register of Historic Places and declared a National Historic Landmark in 2011. The property abuts the Brandywine Battlefield, another National Historic Landmark. The farm is open to public tours, operated by the Brandywine River Museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Battle of Brandywine, fought nearby on September 11, 1777, left a cannonball and grapeshot in the farm&#39;s fields. Continental troops and militia units marched past on Ring road, but no actual fighting on the property can be documented. Brandywine Battlefield State Park is about a half-mile north of the farm. Caleb Ring built the farmhouse sometime around 1814. A third story was added circa 1850.</p><br>
<p>Illustrator Howard Pyle taught art students, including Andrew Wyeths father N. C. Wyeth, at Turners Mill on US 1, just north of the farm, during the summers from 1898 to 1903.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, Karl Kuerner and his wife Anna rented the farm, which they bought in 1940. Karl had been a sheepherder near the Black Forest in his native Germany, and had been a machine gunner in the German Army during World War I, before moving to Philadelphia in 1926. Andrew Wyeth&#39;s first painting of the farm was completed in 1932, when Wyeth was just fifteen years old.</p><br>
<p>In 1945, N. C. Wyeth, and Andrew Nyeth&#39;s three-year-old nephew, Newell Convers Wyeth II (b. 1941) were killed when their car, stalled at the railroad crossing near the northwest corner of the farm, was struck by a train.</p><br>
<p>Andrew Wyeth met Helga Testorf in 1971 while she was nursing Karl Kuerner at the farm. A German immigrant, she lived across Ring Road from the farm with her husband. She soon began secretly modeling for Wyeth in a famous series of paintings and drawings. That year the first nude painting in the series was painted in the sewing room in the farm house. The works, numbering more than 240, remained secret until 1987, when they were exhibited at the National Gallery of Art.</p><br>
<p>Karl Kuerner died in 1979, followed by Anna in 1997. In 1999, the farm was acquired by the Brandywine Conservancy, which offers tours of the farm through its Brandywine River Museum.</p><br>
<p>It was designated as a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011. In 2014, the listing was expanded to include the former schoolhouse used by Wyeth as a studio.</p><br>
<h2>Works</h2><br>
<p>Some of the paintings Andrew Wyeth created here include:</p><br>
<p>Winter 1946 (1946)</p><br>
<p>Snow Flurries (1953)</p><br>
<p>Brown Swiss (1957)</p><br>
<p>Groundhog Day (1959)</p><br>
<p>Evening at Kuerners (1970)</p><br>
<p>Young Bull (1960)</p><br>
<p>Spring Fed (1967)</p><br>
<p>Overflow (1978)</p><br>
<p>Snow Hill (1989)</p><br>
<p>Karl</p><br>
<p>The Kuerners</p><br>
<p>It was here also that Wyeth created many of The Helga Pictures, a series of more than 200 works all involving the model Helga Testorf, whom he met while she worked as a nurse caring for the farm&#39;s owner, Karl Kuerner.</p><br>
<p>The Drake Well is a 69.5 ft oil well in Cherrytree Township, Pennsylvania, the success of which sparked the first oil boom in the United States. The well is the centerpiece of the Drake Well Museum located 3 mi south of Titusville.</p><br>
<p>Drilled by Edwin Drake in 1859, along the banks of Oil Creek, it is the first commercial oil well in the United States. Drake Well was listed on National Register of Historic Places and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966. It was designated a Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark in 1979. The well was designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark in 2009, on the sesquicentennial of the strike.</p><br>
<p>The Drake Well is often referred to as the first commercial oil well, although that title is also claimed for wells in Azerbaijan, Ontario, West Virginia, Myanmar, Persia, Arabia, Sichuan and Poland.</p><br>
<p>In the United States before the Drake Well, oil-producing wells were wells that were drilled for salt brine, and produced oil and gas only as accidental byproducts. An intended drinking water well at Oil Springs, Ontario found oil in 1858, a year before the Drake Well, but it had not been drilled for oil. Historians have noted that the importance of the Drake Well was not in being the first well to produce oil, but in attracting the first great wave of investment in oil drilling, refining, and marketing:</p><br>
<h2>Location and geology</h2><br>
<p>The Drake Well is located in Cherrytree Township, Venango County in northwestern Pennsylvania. situated on the flats 150 ft from the east bank of Oil Creek. The site was originally on an artificial island formed by the creek and a mill race. On a floodplain, the well and the museum are protected by an earthen dike.</p><br>
<p>Most of the oil produced in northwestern Pennsylvania was formed in sandstone reservoir rocks at the boundary between the Mississippian and Devonian rock layers. Over time, the oil migrated toward the surface, became trapped beneath an impervious layer of caprock, and formed a reservoir. The presence of upwards-curving folds in the caprock called anticlines, or sometimes an inversion of an anticline called a syncline, greatly varied the depth of the reservoirs, from around 4,000 ft to just beneath the surface.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Petroleum found along Oil Creek was known to Native Americans for hundreds of years through natural seeps. Europeans became aware of the existence of petroleum in the 1600s. At the time, this "mineral-oil" was used primarily for medicinal purposes and was reputed to cure many ailments, including rheumatism and arthritis. Around 1848, Samuel Kier realized the potential of the medicinal oil as an illuminant. Kier distilled the oil to make it more suitable in lamps by removing the odor and impurities that created soot when burned. A sample of oil was brought to Dartmouth College by Francis B. Brewer from the Watson, Brewer and Company Farm on Oil Creek around 1853. The sample was acquired by George Bissell who, along with Jonathan G. Eveleth purchased the farm for $5,000. Bissell and Eveleth took another sample of oil to Benjamin Silliman at Yale University in 1855 for further investigation. Silliman&#39;s report confirmed the quality of the petroleum and described the distillation processes needed to produce kerosene. The Pennsylvania Rock Oil Company was incorporated and the farm transferred to the company.</p><br>
<h3>Construction and operation</h3><br>
<p>Edwin Drake, a former conductor for the New York and New Haven Railroad, invested $200, his entire savings, into the Pennsylvania Rock Oil Company. Drake became more involved in the company and traveled to Titusville, Pennsylvania and the Brewer and Watson Farm in December 1857. His report prompted Bissell and Eveleth to organize the Seneca Oil Company in Connecticut in March 1858 and to place Drake in charge of producing petroleum. Because Drake decided that drilling in the manner of salt wells would yield more petroleum than conventional digging, he hired William A. Smith, a Tarentum, Pennsylvania, blacksmith and salt-well driller, to aid in the endeavor. An engine house and derrick were constructed, and Drake purchased a 6 hp, horizontal steam engine. The steam engine was used to ram the drill through the soil until it reached bedrock 32 ft down. After it was found that groundwater would cause the walls of the hole to collapse, Drake acquired 50 ft of cast iron pipe to stabilize the hole. After reaching bedrock, Drake and Smith were able to drill at a rate of 3 ft per day. Drake&#39;s colleagues back in Connecticut gave up on finding any oil by April 1859 and after spending $2,500, Drake took out a $500 loan to keep the operation going. The drill reached its maximum depth of 69.5 ft on August 27, 1859. Smith visited the well the next day and found oil visible on top of the water 5 in from the top of the well. The original structures at the well caught fire in October 1859 and were rebuilt by Drake a month later. The well produced 12 to 20 oilbbl a day, but, after the price of oil plummeted from the resulting boom, it was never profitable. The well stopped producing in 1861 and the Seneca Oil Company sold the property in 1864. The derrick was moved in 1876 to the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia.</p><br>
<h3>Preservation</h3><br>
<p>The well remained abandoned until 1889, when David Emery of Titusville bought the site, erected a derrick and cleaned out the well. Emery was able to obtain a small quantity of petroleum from the well and attempted to sell it as souvenirs to raise funds "to perpetuate the site", but died before he was able to do so. His widow donated the 1 acre that included the well to the Canadohta Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution in 1913. The chapter erected a limestone boulder with a bronze plaque at the well in 1914 to commemorate the site. In 1931, the American Petroleum Institute donated $60,000 for the creation of a museum and library, as well as a dike to protect Drake Well from flooding by Oil Creek. The Institute stipulated that when the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania took ownership of the site during the Diamond Jubilee of Drake Well in 1934, it was to be made a state park. The Drake Well State Park remained under the control of the Department of Forestry and Waters, the precursor to the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, until 1943 when it was transferred along with the Cornwall Iron Furnace in Lebanon County to the Pennsylvania Historical Commission.</p><br>
<p>Since at least the late-1890s, the only artifacts remaining from the original well were the drilling tools and drivepipe, much to the disappointment of visitors to Drake Well. In 1945, the Pennsylvania General Assembly appropriated $185,000 for the construction of a replica derrick and engine house, including pumping equipment. The "board-for-board replica" was duplicated from photographs of the well taken by John A. Mather from the 1860s. Drake Well was listed on National Register of Historic Places and designated a National Historic Landmark on November 13, 1966 by the National Park Service. Authentic reproductions of the steam engine and boiler were purchased in Erie and installed in 1986. The American Chemical Society designated the Drake Well a National Historic Chemical Landmark on August 27, 2009, the 150th anniversary of the strike.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Drake Well Museum encompasses 22 acre of land that surrounds the well. The museum was accredited by the American Alliance of Museums in 1983 and reaccredited in 1995. The museum has a station on the Oil Creek and Titusville Railroad.</p><br>
<p>Albert S. Heck Mansion, also known as the McIntosh Mansion, is a historic home located near Spencer, Roane County, West Virginia. It was designed by the construction firm of Wallace Knight of West Virginia, the same construction firm that constructed the West Virginia Executive Mansion. The Albert S. Heck Mansion and the Executive Mansion were constructed around the same time. It was built in 1925, and is two story, brick Neoclassical style mansion. It has 17 rooms, 6 baths and a full basement. It features a front portico with two story fluted Corinthian order columns and pilasters attached at the return to the house. The basement features locker rooms and showers. The house was built by Albert Heck, a local Roane County business man who invested in the booming oil industry in the early 1920s. Albert Heck was forced to sell the home during the Great Depression. It was purchased by the McIntosh family in 1936.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Robey Theatre is a historic theater located at Spencer, Roane County, West Virginia. It was built in 1907 and extensively remodeled in 1926. It is a three-story, five bay wide Neoclassical / Italian Renaissance style building. The front facade features a large central entrance bay, with a ticket booth flanked on both sides by two sets of double doors. Above the entrance is a marquee anchored to the second floor by chains and distinctive neon sign above. It is the oldest continuously operating movie theater in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The Robey Theatre is currently owned by Aaron and Melissa Richardson.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 29, 1989.</p><br>
<p>Chrystal Water and Power Company-Spencer Water and Ice Company, also known as Spencer Ice Plant, is a historic power station and ice manufacturing plant located at Spencer, Roane County, West Virginia. It was built in 1903 and expanded in 1911. It is a one-story, brick industrial building in the Romanesque Revival style. The original section measures 82 feet deep and 42 feet wide. Also on the property is a maintenance shed dated to the 1930s. Its development represented the first public attempt to bring water and power to the city of Spencer.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The Wheeler–Stallard House is located on West Bleeker Street in Aspen, Colorado, United States. It is an 1880s brick structure built in the Queen Anne architectural style, and renovated twice in the 20th century. In 1975 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It was built by Jerome B. Wheeler, an early investor in Aspens silver mines during its boomtown years. He and two wealthy tenants rarely spent much time in the house before the Colorado Silver Boom ended in 1893. After a decade of vacancy, it became the home of the Stallard family for much of the early 20th century, the "quiet years" when Aspens economy was depressed and its remaining residents struggled to make a living.</p><br>
<p>After World War II it was bought by Walter Paepcke, who like Wheeler came to visit Aspen and invested heavily in its development, leading to the city becoming a cultural center and upscale ski resort. He never lived there himself, and it eventually became the residence of Alvin C. Eurich during his tenure as Aspen Institute president. Since the late 1960s it has been the home of the Aspen Historical Society, which operates it partially as a historic house museum.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings and grounds</h2><br>
<p>The house and its lot take up most of the north side of the block of West Bleeker between North Fifth, North Sixth and West Hallam streets in Aspen&#39;s residential West End. Main Street, part of State Highway 82, the only through road to and from the city, is a block to the south. One block further south the level terrain gives way to the slopes of Aspen Mountain There is a detached garage and parking lot in the rear.</p><br>
<p>The building itself is a three-story structure of brick on a stone foundation laid in common bond with wooden trim. The cross-gabled roof has a shed-roofed dormer window on the south face; the west gable ends in a jerkin roof and the other three have projecting central sections. Three tall fluted brick chimneys rise from the sides. The first story of the south (front) elevation has a projecting flat-roofed bay window on the west; a pent-roofed balustraded porch begins on the east and wraps around that entire elevation.</p><br>
<p>All windows on the lower two stories are double-hung sash with an unusual twelve-over-one pattern. The upper two panes of a six-over-one are further divided by muntins into four smaller panes each. They are set underneath splayed brick arched lintels. On the gables they are double windows; except for the south gable which has triple windows on both stories.</p><br>
<p>The roofline of the projecting bay on the south has a cornice topped with corbeled brickwork. The gables likewise are set off from the lower stories by a projecting flared roof supported by elaborate wooden brackets. The gable roofline is lined with paneled bargeboards. Recessed within are two casement windows with diamond patterns in a scalloped face. Similar windows are within the dormer as well.</p><br>
<p>Paneled double wooden doors open into a small lobby, with a closet on the side and stairs leading up in the southeast corner. The original summer kitchen is to the rear. To the west is the living room, with the dining room and kitchen behind it. All the rooms on the second story were originally bedrooms. The attic has been divided into rooms as well. They are furnished in a manner that as close as possible replicates how they might have originally been furnished around 1890.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The houses history has roughly four periods: its early years after Wheeler built it, during which it was never occupied by its residents for a long period and later fell vacant when the citys economy faltered; the Stallard familys occupancy and later ownership in the first half of the 20th century, Aspens "quiet years&quot Walter Paepcke&#39;s ownership in the years after World War II; and its present ownership by the historical society.</p><br>
<h3>1889–92: Construction and Wheeler years</h3><br>
<p>Jerome B. Wheeler, then the minority partner in the Macy&#39;s department store chain, first visited Aspen in 1883. The rapidly growing community had not existed a decade earlier, and had only incorporated as a city four years earlier. The silver miners who were its earliest settlers looked to someone like Wheeler as the kind of Eastern investor who could make it practical to extract the extensive silver deposits in the surrounding mountains—at the time, it was necessary to haul any significant amounts of ore over the Continental Divide at Independence Pass to Leadville, where the nearest smelter was, via mule train.</p><br>
<p>Wheeler invested heavily in building a smelter in Aspen, and bringing a railroad connection to the city, while spending the summers in Manitou Springs. He built two of downtown Aspen&#39;s main landmarks, the Wheeler Opera House and Hotel Jerome. It appears that he began planning to build a permanent residence in the city as early as 1886, when he bought the tracts of land where the house now stands.</p><br>
<p>It is unclear what year the house was built, or who the architect was. The year of construction most often claimed is 1888. It is unlikely to have been built earlier, since Wheeler would have not likely built anything before he bought the rights to build over a city-owned easement for an alley across the middle of the block in 1887 (at the time it was built, it was the only house in Aspen with an entire block to itself. There is no record of the house existing before 1890, when Wheeler made his first property tax payment on it and two extant photographs were taken, so it is entirely possible that 1889 was the true year of construction.</p><br>
<p>Denver-based architects Frederick A. Hale and William Quayle have both been suggested as the architect. Both built major buildings in the city—Hale the Aspen Community Church and the Aspen and Cowenhoven blocks downtown, and Quayle the Pitkin County Courthouse respectively—during the time period. An undated history of the house in the historical society&#39;s collection attributes the building to Hale; this is the only known attribution of the house to any architect. No newspaper accounts or other records from the late 1880s suggest Quayle and Wheeler had any contact during the courthouse construction, or that Hale was even in Aspen at that time.</p><br>
<p>Around this time Wheeler retired from Macys, possibly as a result of a power struggle with majority partner Charles Webster, allowing him to devote his full attention to his interests in the Colorado mountains. Since Aspen was conveniently located to most of them, he had intended for the new house there to become the familys permanent home. Local legend holds that Harriet Wheeler never visited Aspen, either because of her health or a supposed dislike for the mountains. However, newspaper accounts state that the Wheelers, including Harriet, did make several short visits to Aspen in 1888–89, during which they may well have spent their nights at the house if it was complete.</p><br>
<p>The Wheelers would instead take up full-time residence in Windermere, another mansion they were building in Manitou Springs. Jerome Wheeler instead rented it in 1889 to James Henry Devereux, a former manager of his Aspen mining company who had since become an officer of the local electric utility, among his own other business interests around the state. He and his family lived in the house intermittently and then moved to their own permanent Aspen home in 1890.</p><br>
<p>They were replaced very soon by Henry Woodward, who had briefly managed the opera house for Wheeler. By 1890 he had become Wheelers general agent for Colorado, managing all his employers interests in the state. Woodward eventually became vice president of Wheelers Aspen bank as well, and he and his wife were prominent in the citys social life, hosting parties at the house. They, like the Wheelers and Devereuxs, often took extended visits away from it as well.</p><br>
<p>One of those extended vacations led to the Woodwards departure from the house. In 1892 they went to Cuba, ostensibly for the warmer climate, and did not return for at least four months. Woodward may also have been seeking to avoid criminal prosecution for possible illegal acts on Wheelers behalf during litigation between his employer and a former partner. After Woodwards return, he remained Wheelers agent but moved into a new house on West Hallam Street.</p><br>
<p>Instead of finding a new tenant, Wheeler eventually sold the property to his mother-in-law. He eventually liquidated most of his Aspen interests over the course of 1892, both to pay off debts and legal judgements against him, and because he may have been concerned by drops in the price of silver. He did not liquidate enough to protect himself from the severe setbacks he incurred the following year, when the Panic of 1893 struck and, as a result, Congress repealed the Sherman Silver Purchase Act which had kept the Colorado mines in business. Wheeler&#39;s mining company laid off all its employees, and his banks closed for two years. He rarely visited Aspen after that, and spent most of his time in Windermere, the Manitou Springs house, until his death in 1918.</p><br>
<h3>1893–1945: Stallards and quiet years</h3><br>
<p>There is no record of anyone living in the house in the years immediately following the crash. This was the beginning of a half-century of Aspen&#39;s history referred to as "the quiet years", during which the collapse of the mining industry and ensuing economic contraction led to a steady population decline. At its nadir, in 1930, around 500 lived in a city which had once been home to over 10,000.</p><br>
<p>Wheeler&#39;s mother-in-law in turn sold the house to a fellow New Yorker, Christopher Bell, for $5,000 ($ in modern dollars), a quarter of what she had paid for it, along with the Wheeler Opera House. He was a frequent business partner and lender to Wheeler in those years, and buying some of his now-toxic assets at prices well above their minimal market value may have been a way to help the Wheeler family out financially without loaning them more money. Bell does not appear to have ever visited Aspen before his death in 1902.</p><br>
<p>His will bequeathed the Aspen properties to his youngest son Dennistoun. In 1905 he allowed Edgar Stallard, a local real estate agent who had become manager of the opera house the year before, to move into the house in return for services rendered, according to his descendants. One of them recalled in an interview years later that the house was severely neglected, as were many buildings from Aspen&#39;s boom years, when they moved in, further suggesting that no one had lived there since the Woodwards.</p><br>
<p>The Stallards became the first true residents of the house, in the process changing how it was used. Unlike the Wheelers, Devereuxs or Woodwards, they could not afford servants, so the rooms set aside for them instead became the bedrooms for their children and, after 1908, two nieces of Mary Ella Stallard they took in after her sister died. Edgar, who had done business in Aspen since 1889, had been relatively prosperous since the crash, managing and renting properties for newly absentee owners who had left town, but even though he was agent for the Hotel Jerome as well, his income was not enough to support the family. Mary Ella supplemented it with subsistence farming, growing vegetables on a rear garden and ranching a plot of land outside of town to feed the family&#39;s animals, chores in which she was assisted by the Stallard sons when they grew old enough. Surplus milk and eggs were sold to other Aspenites. She also maintained a small photographic studio in the house, and refused to charge for the pictures she took of neighbors. The house, once a showplace for affluence, became a workplace as much as a residence.</p><br>
<p>One major difficulty was the impracticality of heating a house designed with wealthy and frequently absent occupants in mind through the severe winters of a mountain town almost 8,000 ft in elevation. The family added a coal shed, a feature no previous occupant had needed, on the north (rear) elevation. Franklin stoves replaced the fireplaces, now boarded at the flue to prevent heat loss. Cottonwoods planted around the block were gradually felled for firewood.</p><br>
<p>In 1908 ownership defaulted to the county as a result of the Bells&#39; failure to pay taxes on it. Two years later, the county put it up for sale at auction. In a depressed market with many vacant properties, it did not sell until a rancher bought it for $150 ($ in modern dollars). He then sold it to Mary Ella Stallard at cost. For the first time since 1888 the house was owner-occupied.</p><br>
<p>Not long after the Stallards became homeowners, their lives were again beset by adversity. In 1919 the last of the major silver mines around Aspen closed down. Edgar closed his real estate business and took a job as a deputy assessor for the county at much lower pay. That summer, the Stallards&#39; youngest son, Albert, died at the age of 12 of diphtheria. His mother was consumed by grief, and according to relatives never quite got over it. She nevertheless took in three of her grandnieces, who had lost their own mother to the 1918 flu pandemic and were not getting along with their stepmother, in 1921.</p><br>
<p>The three girls helped around the house as much as their mother and aunts had. This became especially necessary when Edgar Stallard died of chronic lung disease in 1925. She inherited some property and jewelry from him, but saved them for future use, and continued to subsist until the grandnieces had grown up and moved out by the late 1930s. To save money on heating, she closed off the upper floors, used the dining room as her bedroom and the small winter kitchen as the only kitchen.</p><br>
<p>By 1945 she had realized the house was too big for her, and moved to a smaller house on Main Street. That year she sold the house to William Tagert, who had long owned a feed store in the city. He immediately sold it to a visiting businessman from Chicago named Walter Paepcke.</p><br>
<h3>1945–69: Paepcke years</h3><br>
<p>Like Jerome Wheeler, Paepcke was a wealthy and successful head of a major corporation (Container Corporation of America) who visited Aspen while vacationing elsewhere in Colorado. He and his wife Elizabeth, both avid supporters of the arts, had been looking for an American location for a classical music festival similar to the Salzburg Festival in Austria. Aspens mountain setting was ideal, but the citys many derelict buildings were a problem. The couple was convinced that, if restored their Victorian charm would make Aspen a place visitors would want to return to.</p><br>
<p>They bought 18 properties around the city, including the house, and commissioned Bauhaus architect Herbert Bayer to help renovate them. Paepcke also made the acquaintance of Fritz Pferdl and several other veterans of the USA Army&#39;s Tenth Mountain Division who had begun developing downhill ski trails on Aspen Mountain before the war. He formed the Aspen Skiing Company with them, and in 1947 they built and opened Ski Lift No. 1, then the longest ski lift in the world. an event considered to have ended the quiet years and begun the development of Aspen into the upscale resort town it is today.</p><br>
<p>Skiing and the Aspen Music Festival, begun to commemorate the bicentennial of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in 1949, began attracting visitors to the city. The Hotel Jerome, then the only one in the city, could not always accommodate them, and the Paepckes used the large houses in the West End when they had overflow. Elizabeth Paepcke, herself trained as a designer and architect, not only oversaw the renovation of the Wheeler–Stallard House but did some of the work herself, including ripping out some of the original wall plaster and replacing it with drywall, partitioning and finishing the attic and replacing some of the fireplace mantels. The interior layout may have been altered during this time, possibly with the closure of the entrance to the servants&#39; stairs in the rear and the entry to the backroom from the foyer and the addition of another bathroom on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>By 1952 the house was regularly housing visiting skiers, who slept in all the bedrooms save those on the attic under the gables. They had free run of the house, but rarely used its kitchens, instead going out to eat at the Jerome or Red Onion, the only restaurant in Aspen to have stayed open from the boom years. Maids from the hotel cleaned it and made the beds while the guests were on the slopes. Among them were Dan Holly, inventor of the first metallic ski.</p><br>
<p>Within four years, other lodging had opened in the city and the guesthouses were less necessary. By 1956 the Wheeler–Stallard, like the other West End houses owned by the Paepckes, were instead used as employee housing. Henri Cashid, chef at the Jerome, lived there with his wife starting that year. The upstairs bedrooms were also used to house the hotel&#39;s waitresses. The hotel installed a communal phone in the foyer there so the waitresses could better communicate with their superiors about their work schedules.</p><br>
<p>Aspen benefited from other initiatives of the Paepckes during this period. The Aspen Institute, a product of the Goethe bicentennial, began to focus more on larger global issues. Beginning in 1951, its annual Executive Seminar had drawn some of the nations top executives to the city. In 1963, two years after Walter Paepcke died, the house became the home of Alvin Eurich, the Institutes first president, as an employment benefit.</p><br>
<p>As part of that process, Elizabeth Paepcke oversaw another renovation of the house, primarily focused on its structural system. The basement, she told an interviewer later, had severe deficiencies. "You could see daylight four ways through the stone," she said. "an you imagine what happened in winter? Everything froze up, all the pipes and everything. They were always renewing the pipes and never repairing the basement."</p><br>
<p>Other changes made during this period including removing the section of porch that wrapped around the north elevation, supposedly requested by Eurich and his wife, and the current decoration on the first floor. The Institute reimbursed her for not only the $38,000 ($ in modern dollars) the effort cost her but the Paepckes original expenditure in purchasing the property. In return it received the right to use the property as a residence for its president, although it was still owned by Walter Paepckes life insurance trust.</p><br>
<p>Eurich, his wife Nell and their children (who both attended boarding schools and were rarely in Aspen) took up residence in the house in 1964. It became their primary home, and Nell Eurich converted the attic space into a study. In 1966, they began hosting the opening cocktail parties of the institute&#39;s summer programs at their home, to give participants an experience of Aspen beyond the Meadows complex it occupies. The following year, Eurich resigned as president to become a trustee of the institute and devote more energy to fundraising. His wife became dean of Vassar College, and the couple moved to their New York apartment.</p><br>
<p>They were the last real residents of the house. William Stevenson, who served as interim president of the institute for two years, never lived there. His successor, Joseph Slater, moved the institutes headquarters to New York in 1968, making the house unnecessary as a residence for the institutes president.</p><br>
<h3>1969–present: Historical society</h3><br>
<p>This time the house&#39;s vacancy was short-lived. The Aspen Historical Society, founded in 1963, had previously exhibited in City Hall and the Wheeler Opera House, with no permanent home. It quickly leased the house from the institute and opened it as a museum in 1969. Within a few months, it had raised the money to buy the house for $140,000 ($ in modern dollars) and by the end of the year it owned the property.</p><br>
<p>By the 1970s Aspen had become a popular getaway for affluent celebrities and business executives. The society was able to raise considerable money from the community. In 1976 it built the "carriage house" to serve as an archive for its collections, to the north, with a driveway on Hallam Street. This was the last major change to the property, and the only outbuilding it has ever had.</p><br>
<p>In 2000 the society began a third set of renovations to make the house a better museum space. They were finished a year later. Since the society expected that at some future point it would use the space as a historic house museum, all the interior furnishings were retained. Outside, the picket fence was removed and the gardens redesigned to create a more open public space for the weddings and other events the society rents its grounds for. After the renovations, it opened its "Spirit of Aspen" exhibit. It closed in 2006 but can still be viewed online.</p><br>
<p>The Ayers–Allen House is located at 16 Durham Avenue in the Borough of Metuchen in Middlesex County, New Jersey. The historic house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 5, 1985, for its significance in architecture. The building, also known as Allen House Tavern, for its previous function, was built by descendants of early settlers to Woodbridge Township and remained in the family for many generations.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The frame house was built, likely by Jonathan Ayers. The house and property remained in the ownership of the descendants of Obadiah Ayers and his wife Hannah Pike for 184 years. According to the nomination form, it is believed to be the oldest structure in the borough. It is located yards from the site of American Revolutionary War skirmishes. It is believed to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad and to be haunted.</p><br>
<p>The John and Rosetta Lee House is a private residential structure located at 823 Calhoun Street in the city of Lapeer in Lapeer County, Michigan. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 26, 1985.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1870, John and Rosetta Lee purchased the property. In 1872, they built one of the few Gothic Revival houses in Lapeer, This was during the time when the introduction of the railroads spurred development. It was purchased in 1908 by Christopher England, a Piety Hill minister. At some point, it was converted from a single dwelling into an apartment house, which was the biggest structural change to the building, but most of the exterior has remained the same. The John and Rosetta Lee House is located right next door to the Samuel J. Tomlinson House, built in 1880, and within blocks of several other properties of Lapeer also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>This two-story L-shaped Gothic Revival house has an elaborate front porch with channeled columns and ogee shaped braces in the three bays. It has a steep gable roof with trussing and verge-boards within the gable ends. Two first-floor bay windows are topped with bracketry. The windows are Gothic in character, with lancet shapes. The front entrance is through paired front doors with a colored glass transom above. An addition including a kitchen is attached to the rear of the house.</p><br>
<p>Clelland House, also known as the Houghton House and Clelland-Houghton-Wallace Log House, is a historic home located near Grafton, Taylor County, West Virginia. It was built about 1800, and consists of a two-story main section constructed of "V"-notched logs, with a one-story frame kitchen wing. It was designed with one chimney and one large room on each floor. It is the oldest surviving house in the area.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Anna Jarvis House is a historic home located at Webster in Taylor County, West Virginia, United States. It was built in 1854, and is a frame I-house. It is notable as the birthplace of Anna Jarvis, founder of Mothers Day, and as General George B. McClellans first field headquarters during his 1861 western Virginia campaign.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Tygart Dam — also known as Tygart River Dam — is a gravity dam built  and operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in Taylor County, West Virginia, United States. The dam regulates the waters of the Tygart Valley River. Its storage reservoir is known as Tygart Lake. Most of the lakeshore is occupied by Tygart Lake State Park and Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area. The structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Tygart Dam and Lake were authorized by the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1935; they represented the first of 16 flood control projects in the Pittsburgh District of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. The Dam was designed in part by architect Paul Philippe Cret and built between 1934 and &#39;38, as a project sponsored by the Public Works Administration to provide for flood control. Small communities — such as Yates, Cecil, Sandy, Cove Run, and Stone House — were partially or fully evacuated at the time of the dam construction. The intent of the project was to provide flood protection for the Tygart River Valley as well as for the Monongahela and upper Ohio Rivers. Construction costs totaled $18.5 million.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<h3>The dam</h3><br>
<p>Tygart Dam is about 2.5 mi south of Grafton. It is owned and operated by the USA Army Corps of Engineers. The concrete gravity dam has an uncontrolled spillway and measures 1,921 ft long and 209 ft thick at the base. The structure features some Art Deco style decorative elements. Located within the historic area are the Tygart Dam; two dam tender dwellings; two maintenance buildings; comfort, storage and concession building; overlook and parking area; and resource manager&#39;s office.</p><br>
<h3>The lake</h3><br>
<p>Tygart Lake is situated in the south-central part of Taylor County, although the southern end of the reservoir reaches into northern Barbour County. It has the capability to store the equivalent run-off of 4.56 inches of precipitation from the Lakes 1,184 square mile drainage area. The projects flood control benefits were demonstrated most notably during the November 1985 floods when it prevented an estimated $195.8 million in damages and lowered flood crests along the Monongahela River by as much as 6.8 feet. Since its completion in 1938, Tygart Dam has prevented flood damages estimated by the Corps to be nearly $1.2 billion.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<h3>Fishing</h3><br>
<p>Multiple West Virginia stage record fish were caught along the Tygart Lake.</p><br>
<p>The South Range Community Building is a community center located on Trimountain Avenue in South Range, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>During the depths of the Great Depression, the unemployment rate in the southern Keweenaw Peninsula was over 75%. The building was intended to function as both a social and governmental hub for the community of South Range, and it continues to serve this purpose today.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The South Range Community Building is a one-story rectangular brick building with a facade of sandstone trimmed with brick. It sits on a mine rock foundation, and is surmounted by a hipped roof with a three front gables flanked with side gables. Three entrances are centered below the three front gables.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the building contains village offices and a multi-use auditorium.</p><br>
<p>The Kaleva Temple is a commercial building located on Trimountain Avenue in South Range, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Local businessman Jacob Baer began the construction of this commercial block in 1907 or 1908. However, he was unable to complete construction, and sold the partially finished building to the Kalevan Retaret, a Finnish society. The organization was intended to preserve and promote Finnish culture; it quickly spread from Montana to the Finnish miners in the Keweenaw, The Kalevans finished the building in 1910 and christened it the Kaleva Temple.</p><br>
<p>When originally finished, the Temple housed three commercial offices on the first floor and a Finnish social hall on the second floor. Later tenants of the building included the Sons of Italy, a dentist&#39;s office, a theater, a restaurant, an opera house, a hardware store, the justice of the peace, and the USA Post Office, which was located there from 1915 to 1977.</p><br>
<p>At some point, the local Kaleva Lodge moved from the building, and the upper floor was converted into apartments.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Kaleva Temple is a two-story sandstone commercial block, essentially rectangular in plan but with an angled entrance at the east side. The bulk of the building is constructed from rough-cut sandstone, with smooth stone trim in the facade. The center of the facade projects slightly, and this projection is surmounted with a cornice cap with pedimented peak, inscribed with the construction completion date of 1910.</p><br>
<p>The Kaleva Temple is architecturally significant as a local vernacular commercial building, substantially unaltered, and constructed of local materials. A large proportion of its original surroundings still exist, providing an architectural context. The Kaleva Temple still represents the commercial and social dynamics at play in South Range during the early twentieth century.</p><br>
<p>Red Maple Farm, also known as Gulick House, is a historic house and bed and breakfast located on Raymond Road west of the Monmouth Junction section of South Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 3, 1979, for its significance in agriculture and architecture. In addition to the main house, a smoke house and barn contribute to the property.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1740 by Joachim Gulick whose family ran a stage line. It is situated on what was the King&#39;s Highway, nearby Kingston between Princeton and New Brunswick. The house was a stop on the Underground Railroad. It remained in the Gulick family until 1901. After that the property had several owners and was subsequently subdivided.</p><br>
<p>The Sayre and Fisher Reading Room, in Sayreville, Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States, was constructed in 1883 for recreational use and for showcasing the Sayre and Fisher Brick Company ornamental products. Also known as Sayreville Hall, it was added to the New Jersey Register of Historic Places and National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It served as the town&#39;s unofficial library.</p><br>
<p>Sayre and Fisher Brick Company was established in 1850 by James R. Sayre, Jr., and Peter Fisher, and later became one of the USAs leading manufacturers of building brick, fire brick, and enamel brick. In 1876 the area around the village then known as Woods Landing was renamed Sayreville, after the company&#39;s co-founder. It eventually acquired most factories along the Raritan River, and by 1905 operated a two-mile-long complex with 13 separate yards. and the Brooklyn Academy of Music. Brick manufacturing declined in the Great Depression, but recovered and stayed profitable into the 1960s. The Sayre and Fisher plant closed in 1970. While most of the industrial buildings were razed, the reading room and some housing buildings remain. The water tower has been restored.</p><br>
<p>The Deschutes Public Library is a library system that serves Deschutes County, Oregon.</p><br>
<h2>Administrative building</h2><br>
<p>The administrative building, located at 507 N.W. Wall Street in Bend, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The architect was Whitehouse & Church of Portland.</p><br>
<p>The building now serves as an administrative headquarters for the Deschutes Public Library System.</p><br>
<h2>Branches</h2><br>
<p>The library has six branches: the Downtown Bend Library, East Bend Library, La Pine Library, Redmond Library, Sisters Library, and the Sunriver Library.</p><br>
<h2>Collection</h2><br>
<p>As of 2020, the library system contained about 300,000 physical items and 90,000 digital items.</p><br>
<p>The Bird and Dinkelspiel Store in Birds Landing, California was built in 1875. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story balloon-framed building at a cross-roads which was the starting point of the town of Birds Landing. It is 60x24 ft in plan and is vernacular Greek Revival in style.</p><br>
<p>It is a California listed resource.</p><br>
<p>The Hastings Adobe near Collinsville, California is a ranch dwelling made of adobe that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It is currently on private property, in a state of disrepair and inaccessible to the public.</p><br>
<p>The structure was erected by Lansford Hastings, a lawyer and the author of The Emigrants Guide to Oregon and California; Hastings book promoted the Hastings Cutoff, which was a major factor in the Donner party disaster.</p><br>
<p>It is located about 1.5 mi northeast of Collinsville on the south side of County Road 493.</p><br>
<p>The Lapeer County Courthouse is a county courthouse located on Courthouse Square along West Nepessing Street in the city of Lapeer in Lapeer County, Michigan. It was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site on September 17, 1957, and later added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 3, 1971. It was the first property in Lapeer County to be listed on either registry.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse is a rectangular, wood, two-story structure built on a raised foundation in the style of Greek Revival architecture. On the inside, a circuit court room is located on the second floor with jury room; administrative offices are located on the ground floor; and restrooms are located in the basement. The building also houses a Lapeer County Historical Society display with some vintage furnishings. With limited space, the police station, probate court, jail, and several other offices and courtrooms are now located behind the courthouse in a newer complex located at 255 Clay Street.</p><br>
<p>The Lapeer County Courthouse is among the earliest of its kind built in the state. It is recognized as the oldest original courthouse structure still in use in the state of Michigan and one of the 10 oldest such structures in all of the country. Lapeer County was formed in 1822 with the city of Lapeer being established as the county seat in 1831. The structure is recognized as having been first constructed in 1839, although this represents an earlier structure built on the site. The date on the pediment states 1846, which is the date that the current structure was completed—having been started the previous year. It was commissioned by state representative and state senator Alvin N. Hart, who lobbied successfully for Lapeer to continue to serve as the county seat. Hart sold the structure to the Board of Supervisors of Lapeer County for $4,500 in 1853. The first local Grange in Michigan was founded at this site in 1872. Since its construction, the only alteration to the structure occurred when three doorways were cut into the portico in 1938.</p><br>
<p>The property is owned by the Lapeer County Historical Society and is open for tours during special events. It can also be rented.</p><br>
<p>Grafton Downtown Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Grafton, Taylor County, West Virginia. It encompasses 72 contributing buildings and two contributing structures. They include the business and commercial core of Grafton. Most of the buildings in the district date from 1890–1920 and are generally of brick or frame construction. Notable buildings include the Grafton Hotel and the B & O station, both built in 1911 and the Post Office built in 1913. Located in the district and separately listed is the Andrews Methodist Church.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Herman August Meyer House is a historic home located at Davis, Tucker County, West Virginia. It was built about 1891, and is a -story, T-shaped, 5-bay central-passage I house of wood construction. It was built as a single-family residence, and converted for use as a bed and breakfast inn. Also on the property is a domestic dependency, built about 1891.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Tucker County Bank Building is a historic bank building located at Parsons, Tucker County, West Virginia. It was built in 1901, and is a three-story brick commercial building with a rusticated ashlar base and accents in the Romanesque Revival style. It features a corner turret with angled entrance. The building housed the Tucker County Bank until 1969. Over time, it also housed a Masonic Lodge, the Board of Education, a telephone company, doctor&#39;s offices, law firms, insurance agencies, a bus depot, a soda fountain and a drug store.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Parsons station is a historic railroad depot located at Parsons, Tucker County, West Virginia. It was built by the Western Maryland Railroad in 1888, and is a one-story frame building in the Eastlake movement / Stick Style. It is a simple rectangle measuring 70 feet long and 24 feet wide, with a 12 foot wide, three-sided bay. It features German siding and a batten seam gable roof.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 as the Western Maryland Depot.</p><br>
<p>St. George Academy is a historic school building located in St. George, Tucker County, West Virginia, United States. Construction started in 1885 and finished in 1886, and is a two-story clapboard building with a projecting bay. It features a square tower with a peaked vent on each side and topped by a pyramidal roof with a spiked finial. In 1975–76, a new school was erected behind the old academy structure, and in 1982, the old school building was condemned by the state fire marshal and ordered to be razed or removed. It was moved to its present site in 1985 by the local historical society, and houses a local history museum.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>Cottrills Opera House, known since 1915 as Suttons Opera House or Sutton Theater, is a historic vaudeville and movie theater building in Thomas, Tucker County, West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1902 and is a rectangular brick building with a high front that appears to be four stories tall. The interior is dominated by a large auditorium with balcony seating. The building is being restored for use as a live performance theater.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
